Pipe threading machine

What is a pipe threading machine and what is it used for?

Creating internal and external threads is known as threading. This process involves cutting helical grooves along a cylindrical surface, enabling repairs or the attachment of screws and fittings to a given component. A professional threading machine (also called a die head or pipe threader) is essential for this task. On the market, two main types of threading machines are available: manual and mechanical. Additionally, there is a hybrid variant—manual threading machines powered by electricity.

Due to the nature of the operation, it’s important to remember that threading is a type of machining process that removes material. Therefore, proper knowledge of how the threading machine functions is crucial to avoid permanently damaging the workpiece.

How do manual and mechanical threading machines work?

Manual models are among the most popular tools because they do not require a power source, making them usable anywhere. However, they do have limitations—primarily, they operate in only one rotational direction. To reverse the direction, the ratchet mechanism must be repositioned.

A manual threading machine is typically mounted in a pipe vise. The appropriate die head size is then installed. Next, the ratchet clutch is set to clockwise (right-hand) rotation. It’s essential not to forget to place the die head’s guide sleeve onto the pipe end before proceeding. Only then can the die head be pressed firmly against the pipe to begin threading. After threading is complete, the ratchet clutch must be switched to counterclockwise (left-hand) rotation to safely retract the die head from the threaded section.

An electrically powered threading machine operates on essentially the same principle. The key difference lies in the source of force required to cut the thread and the fact that only the die head rotates. This significantly simplifies the entire process—an advantage especially valuable in workshops where threading is performed frequently.

In industrial settings, large mechanical threading machines prove far more effective. Although stationary threading machines occupy more space, they are unmatched in speed and efficiency. Functionally, however, they operate similarly to other models.